Tulsi

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Respiratory System � (respiration, nose, trachea, lungs)Contributes generally to respiratory health � supports healthy pulmonary function; provides lung and bronchial support Helpful in the treatment of a variety of serious allergic, inflammatory and infectious disorders affecting the lungs and related tissues Used to strengthen the respiratory system � one of the main herbs for coughs and colds.

Used for bronchial asthma; expectorant and bronchodilator effects Used against respiratory ailments including bronchititis and tuberculosis

Used for rhinitis (inflammation of nasal mucus membrane)

Can serve as a cure and a prophylactic as well for the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) - The root of the tulsi plant should be crushed and boiled with turmeric powder for a few minutes, after which it should be filtered. Consuming two spoonfuls of this potion twice daily will cure SARS and prevent contracting of the disease.

Tulsi tea with honey is a good expectorant especially in cases where fever is involved.

The juice of the leaves is given in catarrh and bronchitis in children.

Chewing the leaves relieves cold and flu. A decoction of the leaves, cloves and common salt also gives immediate relief in case of influenza.

Antimicrobial effects � inhibits the growth of E. coli Tulsi is a remover of worms and parasites, when the fresh juice or strong tea is taken with honey; the sweetness excites the parasites drawing them out of their hiding places.

Taking Tulsi, as a tea, with dried ginger is a common treatment for indigestion.

Tulsi is one of the rare �digestives� that stimulates and nourishes the agni at all the levels.

Digestive System:� (esophagus, stomach, intestines, liver, pancreas) Liver support � generally contributes to healthy liver function, and counteracts various liver diseases

Liver protective:� improves the metabolic breakdown and elimination of dangerous chemicals in the blood; included as part of a detoxification program Anti-diabetic � insulin and glucose normalizing; blood-sugar and blood-lipid normalizing
 

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Hypoglycemic (low blood glucose) Balances blood sugar and insulin metabolism; can reduce fasting blood glucose Inhibits lipid peroxidation (the oxidative deterioration of lipids); normalizes lipids Anti-ulcer activity � found to possess potent anti-ulcerogenic as well as ulcer-healing properties and could act as a potent therapeutic agent against peptic ulcer disease; decreases incidence of gastric ulcer. Reduces the effect of irritating drugs on the stomach lining and increases the production of protective stomach mucous. Improves the digestive system � such as indigestion, heartburn, bloating, vomiting, intestinal gas, diarrhea, dysentery, intestinal worms and induces appetite. Improves the digestive fire (agni) Helps in the elimination of toxins Diminishes "bad breath" Immune System � (inflammatory response, white blood cells, lymph glands)Strengthens and modulates the immune system � immunomodulatory effects Improves immune response � enhances humoral (body fluids) and cellular immunity Increased cell-mediated immunity � both in the number of immune defense cells and also in their activity; increases T-cell activity Anti-inflammatory action � reduces the painful and dangerous inflammation that plays a key role in various forms of arthritis, cancer and degenerative neurological disorders (COX-2 inhibition) Anti-inflammatory similar to aspirin and ibuprofen, but unlike aspirin and ibuprofen it is not irritating to the stomach. Modulates inflammation (COX-2 inhibition) Immunostimulant properties � inhibits antigen-induced (allergic) histamine Reduces asthmatic and other adverse immune reactions Used in the treatment of colds and flu Antiviral properties � success with viral hepatitis, viral encephalitis and AIDS-virus Contains eugenol � known to be anti-viral and one of the best herbal antibiotics Antioxidant � reduced oxidative stress Anti-allergic � management of immunological disorders including allergies and asthma Antibiotic protection � offers significant natural antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal properties thereby helpful in treating many serious systemic diseases, as well as localized infections Anti-aging � supports the body and mind in reducing the negative effects of aging Integumentary Or Skin System � (skin, sweat)Benefits skin � reduces eczema, psoriasis and various other skin disorders. Helps difficult skin diseases like leprosy and staph infection of the skin, Antiseptic agent for wounds, Antibiotic protection Essential oil has antifungal and antibacterial activity Contains ursolic acid � one of the cosmetic industry�s latest favorites because not only does it quickly heal skin, returns elasticity and removes wrinkles, but it is so good at preventing and curing skin cancer Tulsi applied topically as a paste with black pepper is used to treat ringworm and eczema A paste of the leaves applied externally is useful to reduce the irritation of insect bites and parasitical diseases of the skin; also applied to the finger and toe nails during fever when the limbs are cold.

Cardiovascular-Circulatory System� (heart, blood, circulation) Cardio-tonic � prevents heart attacks Lowers stress-related high blood pressure; normalizes blood pressure Vascular protection � protects the heart and blood vessels, promotes even circulation Mild blood thinning qualities, thereby decreasing the likelihood of strokes Lowers dangerous cholesterol Protects against damage caused by foreign toxins in the blood (such as industrial chemicals) Treatment of stress-related arterial hypertension (high blood pressure) Tulsi is an excellent heart tonic and can be combined with the colder Arjuna and slightly warm Hawthorne to make a tridoshic remedy that builds and purifies the heart. The drinking of Tulsi-leaf tea keeps the blood pressure even. Tulsi tea also provides warming benefits for the heart. Endocrine System� (pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, thymus, pineal, pancreas, ovaries, and testes)

Adaptogenic actions: Stress resilience � increases the capacity to cope and adapt to changing and challenging environments, and reduces the negative physical and psychological effects of stress; anti-stress Energy and performance � improves stamina and endurance; reduces fatigue; enhances motor activity and physical performance; increases the body's efficiency in using oxygen; enhances protein synthesis and strength Improve endurance and resistances when tested against a battery of stress-induced conditions indicating non-specific mode of actions Enhances the body�s natural bipolar adaptogenic homeostatic balancing capacity and helps return stressed physiological systems to normal Supports normal cortisol (hydrocortisone); supports the stress response assisting in the normalization of cortisol; balances and regulates cortisol levels Lowers the stress-induced release of adrenal hormones Long-term subtle effect on the physiological functions of the body; can normalize the altered physiological functions of illness over time. Anti-aging effect � by increasing adaptive effects Increases Ojas (essence that supports the body) and is adaptogenic. Other actions: Results with chronic fatigue syndrome Calms the mind � improves both cellular and humoral immunity

Muscular System :� (skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscles)Anti-arthritic activity Anabolic activity � enhances protein synthesis, muscle mass and strength A remedy for sore eyes and night-blindness (vitamin A) To treat conjunctivitis the juice of Tulsi mixed with honey is used as an eye wash to either wash the eyes or spread on the tender skin below the eye.

Nervous System� (brain, spinal cord, nerves)Anti-convulsions potential Central nervous system effect � increased motor activity

Analgesic activity Normalizes neurotransmitter levels in the brain Influences the neurochemistry of the brain in a manner similar to antidepressant medications Nerve tonic; sharpens memory

Antipyretic :� prevents, removes or reduces fevers Treatment for viral encephalitis, malaria and typhoid; The Imperial Malarial Conference has declared Tulsi to be a genuine remedy for malaria. Drug and nicotine withdrawal Tulsi oil is also used as ear drops in case of pain. Add fresh garlic juice after you cook Tulsi in mustard oil and then place this warm medicated oil in the ears to remove ear aches. The fresh juice of Tulsi taken with black pepper powder cures periodic fevers. In case of acute fevers, a decoction of the leaves boiled with powdered cardamom in half a liter of water and mixed with sugar and milk brings down the temperature. Reproductive System Anti-fertility effect � may reduce the estrogen hormone levels in females and decrease the sperm count in men AYURVEDA: Aphrodisiac � powdered Tulsi root with clarified butter (ghee) Urinary Or Excretory System � (kidney, bladder)Seeds are used in curing urinary problems. Seeds are used as diuretics and for facilitating urination. Strengthening effect on the kidney.

In case of kidney stone the juice of basil leaves and honey, if taken regularly for 6 months it will expel them via the urinary tract. Additional Uses And Benefits Of Tulasi

Effect on mind :� mind-body connection Aids meditation and delivers nutrients to the mind necessary for the experience of enlightenment. Elevates mood and spirit When used in the prevention and cure of illness and disease � �ritual� becomes a spiritual component of its efficacy. Perhaps its role as a healing herb was instrumental in its "sacred" implication. Spiritually endowed and empowered to transform souls

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• Investigation of antigenotoxic & anticlastogenic effect of distillate of Tulsi leaf extract (Ocimum) on human peripheral lymphocytes (in vitro) with or without metabolic activation against mitomycin C hexavalent Cr & B[a]P revealed antioxidant effect contributed mainly by eugenol. Dutta 2007
• Antipyretic activity due to prostaglandin inhibition, Lipoxygenase inhibitory, histamine antagonistic and antisecretory activities, enhancement of vascular capillary permeability and leucocyte migration, are biological activities of fixed oil of Ocimum sanctum. Singh 2007
• The effects of ethanol extract & 5 partition fractions of Ocimum sanctum leaves when studied on insulin secretion together with an evaluation of their mechanisms of action revealed increased intracellular Ca2+ in clonal BRIN-BD11 cells, due to stimulatory effects on insulin secretion. Hannan 2006
• The effect of Curcuma longa (Cl) and Ocimum sanctum (Os) on myocardial apoptosis and cardiac function when studied in an ischemia and reperfusion (I-R) model of myocardial injury revealed both Os & Cl may attenuate cell death due to apoptosis and prevent the impairment of cardiac performance. Mohanty 2006
• Administration of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of 4 herbs including Ocimum sanctum eliminated cytotoxic lesions induced by exogenous and endogenous alkylating agents by increasing the activity of O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase. Niture 2006
• In a Study performed to evaluate the wound healing and antioxidant effect in rats, the aqueous extract of Ocimum sanctum increased wound breaking strength, decreased epithelization period, increased percent wound contraction, increased granulation tissue weight and hydroxyproline concentrations. Shetty 2006
• In a study of ethanolic extracts fractions from 10 Indian medicinal plants, extracts from leaves of Ocimum sanctum showed better activity against three methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains. Aqil 2005
• Study of antiproliferative activity of extracts from the 9 medicinal plants showed that higher amounts of 4 herbs including Ocimum sanctum were unable to inhibit NF-kappaB/DNA interactions. Lampronti 2005
• Eugenol, the active constituent present in Ocimum sanctum L., is largely responsible for the therapeutic potentials on immune system, reproductive system, central nervous system, cardiovascular system, gastric system, urinary system and blood biochemistry. Prakash 2005
• Neisseria gonorrhoeae clinical isolates and WHO strains were sensitive to extracts of Ocimum sanctum, Drynaria quercifolia, and Annona squamosa. Shokeen 2005
• Ocimum sanctum fixed oil showed good antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus pumilus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, where S. aureus was the most sensitive organism. Singh 2005
• Ocimum sanctum polysaccharide prevent oxidative damage to liposomal lipids and plasmid DNA induced by various oxidants such as iron, AAPH and gamma-radiation, besides scavenging superoxide radical and hydrogen peroxide and inhibiting xanthine oxidase. Subramanian 2005
• Among 17 Indian herbs tested for their regulatory effect on nitrous oxide, Ocimum sanctum was shown to be in 9th position for potency of scavenging activity. Jagetia 2004
• Moderate antimicrobial activity was shown by Ocimum sanctum when compared to 40 other plants. Rani 2004
• O. sanctum possesses a significant anticataract activity in vitro which could be related with its aldose reductase inhibitory effect. Halder 2003
• Ethanol and chloroform extractives of O. sanctum were effective in preventing tonic convulsions induced by transcorneal electroshock. Jaggi 2003
• A review of 45 traditional medicinal plants of India,including Ocimum sanctum, that have shown experimental or clinical anti-diabetic activity. Grover 2002
• A review incorporating the description of O. sanctum plant, its chemical constituents, and various pharmacological activities. Gupta 2002
• The essential oil of Ocimum sanctum and eugenol, tested in vitro, showed potent anthelmintic activity in the Caenorhabditis elegans model. Asha 2001
• In a study of extracts of Ocimum sanctum, aqueous extract showed wider zones of inhibition for Klebisella, E. Coil, Proteus & Staphylococcus aureus and alcoholic extract showed wider zone for vibrio cholerae. Geeta 2001
• [Radioprotective, anticarcinogenic and antioxidant properties of the Indian holy basil, Ocimum sanctum (Tulasi)] Uma Devi 2001
• Orientin and Vicenin, water-soluble flavonoids from leaves of Ocimum sanctum give significant protection to human lymphocytes against clastogenic effect of radiation at low, non-toxic concentrations and may be associated with their antioxidant activity. Vrinda 2001
• Combination of ethanolic extracts of leaves of Cassia alata and Ocimum sanctum was heat-stable and worked at acidic pH and showed Anti-Cryptococcus activity. Ranganathan 2000
• Orientin and vicenin, extract of Ocimum sanctum, provided almost equal protection against radiation-induced lipid peroxidation in mouse liver and showed a significantly greater free radical-inhibiting activity in vitro than DMSO. Uma Devi 2000
• Ocimum sanctum leaf extract may block or suppress events associated with chemical carcinogenesis by inhibiting metabolic activation of the carcinogen. Prashar 1998
• Study of antioxidant effectiveness of plants from India showed Ocimum sanctum, as well as other plants, to be effective antioxidants. Maulik 1997

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